Can The Human Methods Of Slaughter Act And The Prop 2...

Can the Human Methods of Slaughter Act and the Prop 2 Standards for Confining Farm Animals Protect Farm Animals from Inhumane Treatment? According to the anthropologist Professor Henry Bunn of Wisconsin University the use of animals for food dates back to two million years ago, when, â€Å"our human ancestors were small brained ape-men† (McKie, 2012). The use of animals for a source of food, clothing, and even entertainment is not something new to us. But what is fairly new are the animal rights movement groups as well as legislation that have formed in the last century to protect the rights of animals and preventing animal cruelty in slaughter. There are specific movements and laws such as the 1958 Humane Methods of Slaughter Act and the 2015†¦show more content†¦I own a leather wallet and eat in-n-out burger whenever I have the chance, but I still care about how the quality of the lives of farm animals before they become food. I am not a vegan, I am an animal advocate and I believe in the fair treatment of animals through the use of legislation up until their death. Is it possible we have evolved to give farm animals rights and protect them with laws or is it just a big hoax to make animal lovers feel better? Looking back at the first laws regarding protecting farm animals, I went to the Animal Welfare Institute Organizational website and found the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act. To explain this, in 1958, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the first federal Humane Methods of Slaughter Act that, â€Å"requires all packers selling to the US government to provide anesthetization or instant stunning by mechanical or electrical means prior to the killing of the cattle, calves, horses, mules, sheep, swine and other livestock, except in the case of kosher slaughtering† (AWI,2017). This law applies to livestock killed at federally inspected slaughter plants and at state-inspected plants but it does not protect chickens, turkeys, ducks, rabbits or animals killed on a private farm. It is a step inShow MoreRelatedEvaluating The Economic Impacts Of Pipeline Useage On The Texas10470 Words   |  42 Pagesthe supply chain. Table of Contents Acknowledgement Abstract Acknowledgements 1 Abstract 2 Chapter 1 8 Introduction 8 1.1 The dependency of Texas economy on oil gas sector 8 1.1.1 Problem Statement 9 1.1.2 Research Significance and broader impacts 10 1.1.3 Research Question and Hypotheses 11 1.2 Research Purposes 11 1.2.1. Overall Research Objective 11 1.2.2 Specific Research Objectives 12 Chapter 2 13 Background 13 2.1 Crude oil 13 2.2 Crude Oil Extraction 17 2.3 Crude Oil in Texas 22 2.4 TexasRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesCalifornia Preschool Learning Foundations Volume 2 CALIFORNIA DEPAR TMENT OF EDUCATION †¢ SACRAMENTO, 2010 California Preschool Learning Foundations Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Publishing Information The California Preschool Learning Foundations (Volume 2) was developed by the Child Development Division, California Department of Education. This publication was edited by Faye Ong, working in cooperation with Laura Bridges and DesireeRead MoreHydraulic Fracking Essay15746 Words   |  63 PagesSociological Effects†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Page 38 Political and Legal Influences†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...Page 40 Environmental Concerns†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...Page 43 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 49 Thesis Fracking is a controversial new method The US is participating in to extract energy sources from our own land in an effort to cut down dependence on foreign energy. Abstract Fracking is in the center of a political debate due to the potential for pollution and the consumption of ourRead MoreAre Protectionist Policies Beneficiak to Business? Essay10942 Words   |  44 Pagesrestrictions. He concludes that overall the beneï ¬ ts from protectionist policies are overshadowed by their negative effects. t is understandable that a country would want to take care of its own citizens ï ¬ rst. To this end, many countries adopt policies that prop up domestic industries and limit foreign organizations from engaging in business in their country. Generally speaking, such policies are typically labeled â€Å"protectionism.† A formal deï ¬ nition of protectionism is the â€Å"National economic policies designedRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesYork City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking

Analysis Of The Kite Runner - 1229 Words

The Kite Runner’s plot is centered on the story of Amir, a young boy who grew up in Afghanistan with his father, and friend, Hassan. Amir was raised without a mother, and had no womanly influence in his life until he was married. This lack of women in the storyline has caused some to argue that the novel is demeaning to women (Gomez). The vulgar language and explicit themes are seen as demoralizing towards the female gender (Schaub). In the novel the women are required to remain committed and submissive to their husbands, while the husbands are allowed to have more than one wife. This obvious â€Å"double standard† portrayed in the novel is why women have argued it to be insolent. The social difference between females and males was, and still is, part of the Afghan culture. Women are viewed as inferior to men, and Hosseini wanted to portray that part of the culture in his novel. The Kite Runner tells the story of a culture, a country deprived of freedom and forced to become a hollow shell filled with terror. This novel can be understood on an academic level but also a sociological level. Being an Afghan himself, Khaled Hosseini presents a differing viewpoint between the life of an Afghan to the life of an American. He is able to draw from his own experiences to give a credible comparison between the western world and the Middle East. Academically it can be read by analyzing the different philosophical concepts and morals that Hosseini was trying to bring to light.Show MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of The Kite Runner1090 Words   |  5 Pages– H 31 October 2017 Consequences of War: A Critical Analysis of the Kite Runner On a day to day basis, an individual is faced with an obstacle they must overcome, ultimately defining their morals and values. In the literature perspective, the novel The Kite Runner delivers multiple thematic ideas that portray the struggles of characters in their ordinary lives. Khaled Hosseini, author and physician, released his debut novel The Kite Runner in the year of 2003. This novel is written in the firstRead MoreThematic Analysis Of The Kite Runner 1377 Words   |  6 PagesThematic Analysis of the Kite Runner John Piper once said, â€Å"Redemption is not perfection, the redeemed must realize their mistakes.† One can see an idea similar to this in Kahled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner. In the story, the author sends the message that redemption can be a lifelong pursuit, and until achieved, happiness will not be obtained. The first time the reader is introduced to the theme comes at a time when Amir is feeling as though he is not deserving of his fathers appreciation. â€Å"BecauseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1016 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the dictionary redemption means â€Å" The act of saving from sin†. The kite Runner is about two boys that goes through violence and betrayal in Kabul, Afghanistan. One of the main characters Amir decided not to help his best friend caused their conflicts to grow. This reveals the theme of redemption throughout the Kite Runner. Most importantly, there is a motivation behind why Amir battles very nearly his whole existence with reclamation and that is on the grounds that Amir s hirelingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner1078 Words   |  5 Pages The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, a story of a boy as he unravels his journey throughout his life. The novel consists of multiple themes such as love, friendship, betrayal, guilt, , secrets, loyalty, and redemption. As the main character, Amir recalls his past events, all of these themes start to unravel specific events that occurred in his life. â€Å"There is a way to be good again† (Hosseini 2) is where the novel unfolds the deep dark life of Amir’s regret and guilt, Baba’s secret, and Hassan’sRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis1237 Words   |  5 Pageshow political power such as the Taliban can bring out the evil in people but he also demonstrates how there is oppressive male power in relationships that also brings out the same human nature. He uses overbearing masculine characters in the The Kite Runner and gender roles to express how men were given the right to act in such horrific ways towards women. In Afghanistan there are many restrictions aga inst women. Men have control over their wives and girlfriends. They have the dominant power and sinceRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Kite Runner 1899 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Analysis of The Kite Runner â€Å"It may be unfair, but what happens in a few days, sometimes even a single day, can change the course of a whole lifetime†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (142). Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner unfolds the story of the affluent youth Amir and his servant friend Hassan, who are separated by a traumatizing sexual assault and the 1979 Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan. Despite a fresh start in San Francisco, Amir is devoured by guilt for failing to protect his loyal friend. Many years laterRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Kite Runner 1229 Words   |  5 PagesShyanne Nobles Ms. Mastrokyriakos English 4A Literary Analysis on â€Å"The Kite Runner† Edward Michael a British adventurer, writer and television presenter of Man vs. Wild always says â€Å"survival can be summed up in three words - never give up. That’s the heart of it really. Just keep trying†. The Kite Runner is a fictional book with a heartbreaking plot and struggling characters that are easily sympathetic to the readers. An Afghani child that has to make life changing decisions at such a young ageRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis 1844 Words   |  8 PagesTherefore, being a father is very difficult, having to overcome obstacles and being strong for each other. A well-known saying â€Å"like father, like son† is evident in this novel by the different ties of relationship each character had. In the novel, The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini proves that there is need of a fatherly figure when growing up. Having a father-son bond helps the child differentiate right from wrong. The relationship which demonstrates the need of a father figure is depic ted by Baba and AmirRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1359 Words   |  6 Pages One major theme that is evident in The Kite Runner is that scars are reminders of life’s pain and regret, and, though you can ease the regret and the scars will fade, neither will completely go away. We all have regrets and always will, but though it will be a long hard process we can lessen them through redemption. The majority of The Kite Runner is about the narrator and protagonist, Amir. Almost all of the characters in The Kite Runner have scars, whether they are physical or emotional. BabaRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1369 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"When we hit our lowest point, we are open to the greatest change.† - Avatar Aang. The main protagonist in, The Kite Runner, Amir, goes through a drastic change of character from adolescence to adulthood. The story of The Kite Runner takes place in the 1970s, and goes on to the early 2000s. Amir’s life starts in the capital of Afghanistan, Kabul. Where much of his childhood revolves around the actions of his father Baba, and his friend Hassan. He later moves to the U.S. seeking a better life, and

Is Australia a Racist Country Free Essays

Racism is discrimination or abusive behaviour towards another race or religion. Australia is a very young multicultural country where at hand is strong evidence to suggest that Australia is racist, and in contrast there are many examples that support this questions that we humans beings can live in peace and harmony with all Australians. According to the ABCDiamond The proportion of the population of Australians born overseas is quoted â€Å"over one quarter of Australians were born overseas†. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Australia a Racist Country or any similar topic only for you Order Now This means 25% of Australians are born overseas. Some possible causes of racism can be of an institutional racism, which means that a group of people have the same faith about a certain type of person. Racism can be from the past and what people of many different generations express to others about it which follows to be a stereo type of a group of people, such as Germany and the Jews. Many people may think because Hitler was German that all Germans were and always will be bad. At times we hear parents and grandparents being racist based on their opinions on world events such as September 11. This created hatred and anti-Muslim feelings in the general public. In Australia Muslim leaders spoke through the media condemning the attack as many Australians started to form racist opinions about all Middle Easterners. This is an example of indirect racism based on stereo typing. Sometimes racism may simply be caused by ignorance and judgment formed through a lack of knowledge and information. This may be considered unjust and unfair because people are judging based on a stereotype. Professor of Geography from the University of Western Sydney says that â€Å"Australians arnt dealing with ‘cultural diversity’ properly and are being racist and disrespectful to those whom are from a completely different culture and the government need to do more to manage this issue. Another example of racism was when Dr Hanif was deported for suspected links to terrorism. Other stereotypical attitudes present amongst Australians include, Asians are bad drivers, Aboriginals are lazy and a burden on society, Middle easterners are fighters and the French are arrogant. The Cronulla riots of 2005, was an example of mob violence and interracial racism between the Lebanese and local Anglo youth to â€Å"reclaim the beach† and to move out of their suburbs. Another resent development is the racism towards Indian students studying in Australia. People assume that they are taking study places and jobs from Australian’s when they are often wealthy, self-supporting and not necessarily a true representation of all people from their country. They are often being targeted by groups within Australia for their display of wealth (I-pod etc) Racism will continue because of general comments by the public and the influences of the media. For example 9/11 has made our world a place of heightened security, awareness and nervousness particularly as we relate to members of different cultures . Sometimes discussions between people’s opinions can instill racism in younger generations. Media sources such as the news and the internet can be covering stories in ways that present bias towards a group or race and this can also cause racism. The government’s inactions to take a stand against racism may also contribute to racism continuing. Surely the government with its intake of migrants and refugees needs to take a greater look at how to encourage communities to live more harmoniously. One example, in which the Government does promote diversity and acceptance, is through an annual initiative called Harmony Day. On March 21st, 2010, schools, communities groups and organisations celebrated our cultural diversity to show that everyone belongs. Another community effort raising cultural awareness was the Indian concert by A.  R. Rahman which was organised as part of the Sydney Festival in Parramatta last year. The event was part of a wider initiative of the New South Wales Government to ease relations between the country’s significant Indian population and the wider Australian community. According to the Indian Local, (January 17th 2010) Cricketer Matthew Hayden interviewed members of the audience during breaks. â€Å"The thing to remember is that we are all the same inside,† said a young man he spoke to. This is a very important statement because it could actually be the key to preventing further racism. If all Australians could believe this way, we would live in a more peaceful society. Many would argue that Australia, with its large population of overseas born people is a non racist nation. We have suburbs in Sydney which delight all cultures and signify multiculturalism at its best. The Italian’s in Leichardt, Lebanese in Auburn/Bankstown, and Chinese in Cabramatta and Chinatown in the city. Governments and local councils might encourage festivals and awareness through entertainment and local media e. g. Chinese New Year festivals. This is a display which shows that Australian’s are indeed quite accepting of other races. Governing policies such as the Commonwealth Racial Discrimination Act (1975) aim to ensure that â€Å"everyone is treated equally, regardless of their race, colour, descent or nationality or ethnic origin†. According to the Australian Department of Immigration and Citizenship we are processing applications for asylum seekers from war torn countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan. The Asylum Seeker Assistance Program is a scheme that has been set up by the government to assist these people with income support, and advice as they wait to gain refugee status. This is an example of how the government is accepting and supportive of new migrants in our country. Similarly the Rudd government showed compassion to the Aborigines when we â€Å"Closed the Gap† in 2008 by apologizing publicly to the Aboriginals for mistreatment of them by our country. This public recognition of unfair and unjust treatment shows a willingness to be a non racist country in the eyes of many Australians. So, is Australia a racist country? It is evident that Australia’s growing population of migrants will continue. With this growth it is hard to predict that racism will cease. However, the need to reinforce that all humans have feelings and have rights will be the answer to stopping racism. We need help from the government, media and leaders in our society to breakdown institutional racism. We need to take a more collaborative approach as Australians and as members of the global community. Racism has no quick fix solution but with improvements in communication and understanding of each other as individuals we can create a more harmonious place to live. 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Human Geography for Teaching in Higher Education-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHuman Geography for Teaching in Higher Education. Answer: Introduction I believe that emergence of English as a global language, is nowadays deeply affecting the cultural identity of countries like United Arab Emirates and it can be said that the aggressive expansion of English language as a global language is affecting the cultural balance of UAE. The purpose of this essay is to highlight the new set of circumstances in UAE, which added to global English, aggravates the cultural fragility in the nation. This paper also sheds light on concept of identity and culture in todays world of globalization where world language like English is expanding in a rapid manner destroying the cultural balance of numerous nations. Discussion I believe that the 150 years of British rule in UAE has contributed to poor population of Bedouin tribes, poor condition of the pearl divers and traders and poor economic condition o the nation. After discovery of oil and subsequent departure of British people from the land of UAE made the economic development of the country easier and petrodollar significantly gave a boost to the economy of the nation (Huang 2016). It is seen that for developmental purposes, government of UAE brought in various English speaking workers from across the world and that has effectively contributed to the expansion of English language in the nation. I believe that due to presence of immense expatriate population is a significant contributing factor to the dominance of English as a global language in UAE. After the year of 1968, United Arab Emirates in developing in a immense pace and the government is trying to develop the nation economically and technologically with the help of extremely skilled foreign labors and that is bringing in a strong presence of global English in the nation. Figure: How global English affecting Emirati community Source: (Hopkyns 2014) In a survey conducted among the university and high school students and teachers, it was found that 99% of the students choose Arabic language as their first language and English as their second language. The regional tribal languages are day by day getting back footed and advent of western culture is ruining the base of traditional Arabic culture. The result of the survey is given below; Figure: result of a survey Source: (Mouhanna 2016) I believe that this result of the survey clearly states that English is affecting the Arabic or Emirati culture as majority of the participants of the survey confirmed that they believe that English language is affecting the culture and identity of the overall Emirati culture. In the survey, some of the participants said that there are some positives and negative sides of the expansion of English language and western culture in Emirati lifestyle though the negative sides are majority. I believe that expansion of English language in Emirati culture potentially contributed to inclusion of various English words in their vocabulary and reduced the importance of mother tongue in UAE (Zouhir 2018). It is also seen that people following the styles and accents of British people and that gave birth to a hybrid and imitated culture in Emirates. It can be said that the Emirati people should not allow English to dominate their culture. The Emirati community should stress on learning Arabic in th eir schools and in high schools, the educational boards should make Arabic paper mandatory. The official language of the state should remain Arabic and all the court trials, official works must be done in Arabic for sustaining the old traditions of the country. It can be said that the culture of UAE must be sustained by the Emirati community as they should not allow English to invade their culture as it can be looked at as sort of cultural colonialism. Conclusion Thus to conclude, I think, it can be said that the Emirati people should consider the fact that learning a global language is a positive thing but invasion of a foreign language which can affect the traditional cultures of UAE is not so good; and that is somewhat degrading to the beliefs and the basic cultures of Emirati community. References Hopkyns, S., 2014. The effect of global English on culture and identity in the UAE: a double-edged sword.Learning and Teaching in Higher Education: Gulf Perspectives,11(2). Huang, I.C., 2016. Everybody learns English, and so do I: The dominance of English and its effects on individuals: What English learning means to college students in Taiwan?.English Today,32(1), pp.28-34. Mouhanna, M., 2016. English as a medium of instruction in the tertiary education setting of the UAE: The perspectives of content teachers. Zouhir, A., 2018. Louisa Buckingham (ed.): Language, Identity and Education on the Arabian Peninsula: Bilingual Policies in a Multilingual Context.

The Color Purple Essays (469 words) - The Color Purple,

The Color Purple The letter describing the last dinner that Celie had before breaking out of jail was very emotional. The fact that she was beaten and abused caused all kinds of emotions. The letters that Celie's sister, Nettie, wrote were never given to her, and she took it personally. She was separated from the only person that loved her, and that was her sister. Her youth was stolen from her in vain. All of her problems were from one man, the mister. The person that supported and stood by her was the woman sleeping with her husband. She was beaten and abused because she didn't do what she was told. She was forced to raise children that were not her's, and she she was also abused by them to. She had to be extra careful in dealing with her husband just to survive. She had to deal with her husband being unfaithful, and she had to bottle all this up. Ceilie and Nettie were extremely close. She brought her happiness to her life. Yet Ceilie's husband kicked out her sister because she didn't do what she desired. The only connection they had was by letter's. Once again Ceilie's husband ruined that to, he kept and hid all of the letter's for a long period of time with no intention of giving them back. When she found out it added fuel to her fire and enraged her. Ceilie's mother died and she had to assume her roles in the house, especially those most undesirable. She was given away to a man she didn't know when she was just a child. Her childhood and teenage years were full of suffering, crying children and loneliness. Her life was ill spent serving those who ungrateful and those who didn't love her, after all even colors want to be loved. Her husbands verbal abuse killed her confidence, she couldn't even show her smile because of all the insults. She referred to him as Mr because he had the upper hand. He was sleeping with another woman and his wife knew but could do nothing. Shug played a small role and a big role. Her insignificant role was as the mistress of Ceilie's husband. Her significant role was as her sole mate. She helped Ceilie find the letter's from her sister and she help her stand up to her husband. And most of all she helped her get on with her life. The letter was the turning point of the story. She let out all of her emotions. Everything that kept her in her invisible jail. She expressed everything that she was holding back, and exposed everything that was holding her back. The movie and the novel, together effectively depicted the emotional aura that filled that house. Bibliography The Color Purple, Ellis Walker Movies and Cinema Essays

Classic British and American Essays and Speeches

Classic British and American Essays and Speeches From the works and musings of Walt  Witman to those of Virginia Woolf, some of the cultural heroes and prolific artists of prose are listed belowalong with some of the worlds greatest essays and speeches  ever composed by these British and American literary treasures. George Ade (1866-1944) George Ade was an America playwright, newspaper columnist and humorist whose greatest recognition was Fables in Slang (1899), a satire that explored the colloquial vernacular of America. Ade eventually succeeded in doing what he set out to do: Make America laugh. The Difference Between Learning and Learning How:In due time the Faculty gave the Degree of M.A. to what was left of Otis and still his Ambition was not satisfied.Luxuries: About sixty-five per cent of all the people in the world think they are getting along great when they are not starving to death.Vacations: The planet you are now visiting may be the only one you ever see. Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906) American activist Susan B. Anthony crusaded for the womens suffrage movement, making way for the Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution in 1920, giving women the right to vote. Anthony is principally known for the six-volume History of Woman Suffrage.   On Womens Right to Vote: The only question left to be settled now is: Are women persons? Robert Benchley (1889-1945) The writings of American humorist, actor and drama critic Robert Benchley are considered his best achievement. His socially awkward, slightly confused persona allowed him to write about the inanity of the world to great effect. Advice to Writers: A terrible plague of insufferably artificial and affected authorsBusiness Letters: As it stands now things are pretty black for the boy.Christmas Afternoon: Done in the Manner, If Not in the Spirit of DickensDo Insects Think?: It really was more like a child of our own than a wasp, except that it looked more like a wasp than a child of our own.The Most Popular Book of the Month: In practice, the book is not flawless. There are five hundred thousand names, each with a corresponding telephone number. Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) British novelist and short-story writer Joseph Conrad rendered about the tragedy of loneliness at sea and became known for his colorful, rich descriptions about the sea and other exotic places. He is regarded as one of the greatest English novelists of all time. Outside Literature: A sea voyage would have done him good. But it was I who went to seathis time bound to Calcutta. Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) American Frederick Douglass great oratory and literary skills helped him to  become the first African-American citizen to hold high office in the US government. He was one of the 19th centurys most prominent human rights activist, and his autobiography, Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (1882), became an American literary classic. The Destiny of Colored Americans:  Slavery is the peculiar weakness of America, as well as its peculiar crime.A Glorious Resurrection: My long-crushed spirit rose. W.E.B. Du Bois (1868-1963) W.E.B. Du Bois was an American scholar and human rights activist, a respected author and historian of literature. His literature and studies analyzed the unreachable depths of American racism. Du Bois seminal work is a collection of 14 essays titled The Souls of Black Folk (1903).   Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others: Mr. Washington represents in Negro thought the old attitude of adjustment and submission.Of the Passing of the First-Born: He knew no color-line, poor dearand the Veil, though it shadowed him, had not yet darkened half his sun. F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940) Known foremost for his novel The Great Gatsby, American novelist and short-story writer F. Scott Fitzgerald was also a renown playboy and had a tumultuous life compounded by alcoholism and depression. Only after his death did he become known as a preeminent American literary author.   What I Think and Feel at 25: The main thing is to be your own kind of a darn fool. Ben Hecht  (1894-1964) American novelist, short-story writer and playwright Ben Hecht is remembered as one of Hollywoods greatest screenplay writers and may best be remembered for Scarface, Wuthering Heights and Guys and Dolls. Fog Patterns: Yes, we are all lost and wandering in the thick mists. We have no destinations.Letters: You would see a procession of mysterious figures flitting through the streets, an unending swarm of dim ones, queer ones. Ernest Hemingway  (1899-1961) American novelist Ernest Hemingway won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature for his mastery of the art of narrative ... and for the influence he has exerted on contemporary style as demonstrated in his brilliant novel The Old Man and the Sea. American Bohemians in Paris: The scum of Greenwich Village, New York, has been skimmed off and deposited in large  ladles  on that section of Paris adjacent to the Cafà © Rotonde.Camping Out: Any man of average office intelligence can make at least as good a pie as his wife. Martin Luther King Jr.  (1929-1968) Civil rights activist and minister Martin Luther King Jr., winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, may be best known for I Have A Dream, in which he wrote about love, peace, nonviolent activism and equality between all races. I Have a Dream: Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of Gods children.Reading Quiz on I Have a DreamTen Things You Should Know About Dr. Kings I Have a Dream Speech Jack London  (1876-1916) Nineteenth-century American author and journalist Jack London is best known for his adventures White Fang and The Call of the Wild. London published more than 50 books over the last 16 years of his life, including John Barleycorn, which was somewhat of a memoir about his lifelong battle with alcohol. The Somnambulists: [T]his archdeceiver believes all that they tell him. He reads only the newspapers and magazines that tell him what he wants to be told.The Story of an Eyewitness: The San Francisco Earthquake: Not in history has a modern imperial city been so completely destroyed.Reading Quiz on The San Francisco EarthquakeWhat Life Means to Me: I accepted that up above me was all that was fine and noble and gracious, all that gave decency and dignity to life. H.L. Mencken  (1880-1956) American journalist, activist and editor H.L. Mencken was also a very influential literary critic. His columns were popular not only for their literary criticism, but also for their questioning of popular political, social and cultural views. The Hills of Zion: Dayton was having a roaring time. It was better than the circus.The Libido for the Ugly: Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty.Literature and the  Schoolmam: The essence of a sound style is that it cannot be reduced to rules.The Lower Depths: The worst idiots, even among pedagogues, are the teachers of English.Portrait of an Ideal World: All the great villainies of history have been perpetrated by sober men, and chiefly by teetotalers. Christopher Morley  (1890-1957) American writer Christopher Morley was popular for his literary columns in the New York Evening Post, among other literary magazines. His many collections of essays and columns were lighthearted, vigorous displays of the English language.    1100 Words: Let us be brief, crisp, packed with thought.The Art of Walking: Sometimes it seems as though literature were a co-product of legs and head.A Morning in Marathon: [W]e flashed onto the Hackensack marshes and into the fully minted gold of superb morning.On Going to Bed: The happier creatures ... take the tide of sleep at the flood and are borne calmly and with gracious gentleness out to great waters of nothingness. George Orwell  (1903-1950) This British novelist, essayist and critic is best known for his novels 1984 and Animal Farm. George Orwells disdain for imperialism (he considered himself an anarchist) guided him in his life as well as through some of his writings. A Hanging: We all began laughing again. ... The dead man was a hundred yards away.Why Are Beggars Despised?: A beggar, looked at realistically, is simply a businessman, getting his living. Dorothy Parker  (1893-1967) Witty American poet and short-story writer Dorothy Parker began as an editorial assistant at Vogue and eventually became the book reviewer known as the Constant Reader for The New Yorker. Among her hundreds of works, Parker won the 1929 O. Henry Award for her short story Big Blond. Good Souls: They are fated to go through life, congenial pariahs. They live out their little lives, mingling with the world, yet never a part of it.Mrs. Post Enlarges on Etiquette: As one delves deeper and deeper into  Etiquette, disquieting thoughts come. Bertrand Russell  (1872-1970) British philosopher and social reformer Bertrand Russell won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought. Russell was one of the foremost philosophers of the 20th century. In Praise of Idleness: The road to happiness and prosperity lies in an organized diminution of work. Margaret Sanger  (1879-1966) American activist Margaret Sanger was a sex educator, nurse and womens rights advocate. She began the first feminist publication, The Woman Rebel, in 1914.    The Turbid Ebb and Flow of Misery: My own cozy and comfortable family existence  was  becoming a reproach to me. George Bernard Shaw  (1856-1950) An Irish dramatist and critic, George Bernard Shaw was also a socialist propagandist and winner of the 1925 Nobel Prize in Literature (which he didnt receive until 1926) for his work which is marked by both idealism and beauty. Shaw wrote more than 60 plays during his lifetime. Preface to  Pygmalion: It is impossible for an Englishman to open his mouth without making some other Englishman hate or despise him.She Would Have Enjoyed It: Why does a funeral always sharpen ones sense of humor?Why Law Is Indispensable: Laws deaden the conscience of individuals by relieving them of responsibility.The Art of Political Lying: Considering that natural disposition in many men to lie, and in multitudes to believe, I have been perplexed what to do with that maxim so frequent in everybodys mouth, that truth will at last prevail.Hints Toward an Essay on Conversation: This degeneracy of conversation ... hath been owing, among other causes, to the custom arisen, for sometime past, of excluding women from any share in our society.A Meditation Upon a Broomstick: But a broomstick is an emblem of a tree standing on its head. Henry David Thoreau  (1817-1862) American essayist, poet and philosopher Henry David Thoreau is most known for his masterful work, Walden, about living a life close to nature. He was a dedicated abolitionist and a strong practitioner of civil disobedience. The Battle of the Ants: I never learned which party was victorious, nor the cause of the war.The Landlord: If we do not look up to the Landlord, we look round for him on all emergencies, for he is a man of infinite experience, who unites hands with wit.The Last Days of John Brown: [T]he one great rule of compositionand if I were a professor of rhetoric I should insist on thisis, to  speak the truth. James Thurber  (1894-1961) American author and illustrator James Thurber is best known for his contributions to The New Yorker. Via his contributions to the magazine, his cartoons became some of the most popular in the United States. The Subjunctive Mood: Husbands are suspicious of all subjunctives. Wives should avoid them.Which: Never monkey with which. Anthony Trollope  (1815-1882) British author Anthony Trollope is best known for his writing in the Victorian Erasome of his work includes a series of novels known as The Chronicles of Barsetshire. Trollope also wrote on political, social and gender issues. The Plumber: The plumber is doubtless aware that he is odious. He feels himself, like Dickenss turnpike-man, to be the enemy of mankind. Mark Twain  (1835-1910) Mark Twain was an American humorist, journalist, lecturer and novelist best known for his classic American novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. With his wit and grand telling of tales, Twain is nothing short of an American national treasure.   Advice to Youth: Always obey your parents, when they are present.Corn-Pone Opinions: Tell me whar a man gits his  corn pone, en Ill tell you what his pinions  is.The Danger of Lying in Bed: The danger isnt in traveling by rail, but in trusting to those deadly beds.A Fable: You can find in a text whatever you bring.Fenimore Coopers Literary Offences: Deerslayer  is just simply a literary delirium tremens.The Lowest Animal: [W]e have descended and degenerated ... till we have reached the bottom stage of development.On the Decay of the Art of Lying: Lying is universal: we all do it; we all must do it.Two Ways of Seeing a River: All the grace, the beauty, the poetry had gone out of the majestic river!Unconscious Plagiarism: [P]ride protects a man from deliberately stealing other peoples ideas. H.G. Wells  (1866-1944) British author and historian H.G. Wells is best known for his works of science fiction, including The Time Machine, The First Men in the Moon and The War of the Worlds. Wells wrote an astounding 161 full-length books.   For Freedom of Spelling: The Discovery of an Art: Why should correct spelling be the one absolutely essential literary merit?Of Conversation: An Apology: I am no blowfly to buzz my way through the universe.The Pleasure of Quarrelling: Without  quarreling  you have not fully appreciated your fellow-man.The Possible Collapse of Civilisation: Modern warfare is an insanity, not a sane business proposition.The Writing of Essays: The art of the essayist ... may be learnt in a brief ten minutes or so. Walt Whitman  (1819-1892) American poet and journalist Walt Whitmans verse collection Leaves of Grass is an American literature landmark. Ralph Waldo Emerson praised the collection as the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom America had yet contributed. A Glimpse of Wars Hell Scenes: There was no exultation, very little said, almost nothing, yet every man there contributed his shot.Slang in America: Language in the largest sense ... is really the greatest of studies.Street Yarn: Come and walk in New York streets. Virginia Woolf  (1882-1941) British author Virginia Woolf  may be best known for her modernist classics Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse. But she also produced feminist texts such as A Room of Ones Own and Three Guineas and wrote pioneering essays on the politics of power, artistic theory and literary history. The Decay of Essay Writing: Under the decent veil of print one can indulge ones egoism to the full.The Modern Essay: The essay must lap us about and draw its curtain across the world.The Patron and the Crocus: Be sure you choose your patron wisely.Street Haunting: A London Adventure: Into each of these lives one could penetrate a little way.Writing for My Eye Only: I can trace some increase of ease in my professional writing which I attribute to my casual half hours after tea.

Chaos in the Caribbean Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chaos in the Caribbean - Case Study Example In addition, Avey’s responsibilities as the Jamaican government expertise witness involved giving forensic examination and audit assistance. He employed professional examination techniques to carry out an investigation in a way that his findings would be relevant when presented to a court of law (De-Carmoy, 1990). An alert expert witness declaration is essential in any investigation. Avey had an adequate comprehension of the legal course, regulatory and statutory issues of compliance, and pertinent rules of evidence. This made him the most suitable candidate to be appointed by the Jamaican government. Moreover, he investigated evidence that regarded affirmations. This was to determine the evidence association to ascertained criteria performed as required by a court of law. Avey carried out his research on the basis of reliable principles of accounting. This assisted him hastily find out misdealing in Blaise Merchant Bank and Trust Company where finances were lent from a single Blaise financial unit to corporations managed by its main shareholders. In the case involving Century National Bank and its associated financial units, he established dishonesty was the main reason for the issues (McLaughlin, 2006). Question 2 Avey employed professional forensic accounting techniques to investigate the link between Blaise Merchant Bank and Trust Company, Eagle Merchant Bank, and Century National Bank and its associated financial units. Avey may have used source and application of funds technique. This method is utilized when enormous amounts of finances are used for personal gain or growth as a substitute of buying investments or assets. For example, in the Century National Bank and its associated financial unit’s case, the bank used depositors’ money to obtain assets like real estate for the possible personal benefit of the people who managed the financial institutions instead of the benefit of the institutions (McLaughlin, 2006). In addition, the ap plication of funds technique may have been applied in the Eagle merchant Bank case. Here, instead of the depositors’ funds being used for the benefit of the financial institution, the money was misused. This was in connection with the building of a hotel that was intended as an apartment complex with 130 room suites. Avey may also have used analytical tools during his investigation. Forensic accountants make use of trending to examine financial numbers within a period (De-Carmoy, 1990). Trending entails performing indicators ratio analyses, for example, working capital and inventory turnover to ascertain deceitful financial statements. Avey used trending to detect self-dealing in Blaise Merchant Bank and Trust Company. In this case, finances were given out from a sole Blaise financial unit to corporations managed by key shareholders. Donald Panton and his wife’s funds were utilized to finance the institution’s owners businesses. Question 3 The troubles in the fi nancial sector began when Blaise Merchant Bank and Trust Company was temporarily managed by the Finance and planning minister.

Interview Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Interview Paper - Essay Example In modern organizations, the HR department considered to be of strategic importance. The concept of SHRM (strategic human resource management) is now widely acknowledged and applied. SHRM links human resource management with the strategic management of a company (Uysal, 2013). Despite these developments, human resource management has continued to experience growing challenges. This has been mainly because of the changes affecting it. For example, globalization has affected human resource management in various ways. Today, organizations have to deal with employees from different countries and cultures. Moreover, organizations have to deal with different age groups of employees including the old generations and the young generations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the management of gender and generational issues in the workplace. The paper is based on an interview with a former colleague who is called Cherry. She is the training manager in the HR department at Sheraton Donggua n Hotel in China. Cherry is a female. She works in with other people in the hotel. In terms of gender ratio, the hotel has more female employees than men. Out of the eight employees, seven are female and one is male. This means that there is gender imbalance because only one male employee works with seven female employees. As the training manager in HR department, Cherry often deals with these employees. Her role involves identifying the training needs for the employees and organizing training programs for them. Therefore, she meets with them often. Although Cherry is female, she prefers working with the male employees. Apparently, she considers male and female employees to be quite different. According to her, male employees are more rational in their thinking and generous. However, Cherry feels that women are more emotional, which often affects their

The Film Invictus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Film Invictus - Essay Example Right from the beginning of the film, it is clear that the subject of the process of human socialization as demonstrated in organizations, peers, and institutions apparently takes the central role in the film. It is quite evident that the film’s key focus is on apartheid. Apartheid has cut across many every organ of the government right from the institution of the president, institution of justice, institutions responsible for security, as well as other government organization that is key to delivering basic services to the country. The term apartheid was an Africaans that was commonly used to refer to a system of racial segregation that was enforced through the process of legislation by the then South African ruling party (National Party). During this period of time, the rights of the majority black South African Inhabitants were said to have been curtailed while the white supremacy was maintained. In essence, the word served as a policy of segregation, as well as political-e conomic discrimination against those who belonged to groups of non-European in the Republic of South Africa. According to this film, after Morgan Freeman gets leased from Prison and he is elected as the first black president of the South African Republic, he has many challenges following the post-Apartheid era. One thing that is quite striking to him is that to do with human socialization. Human socialization, in this case, refers to the racial divisions between the white and black South Africans who are affiliated with movements supporting racial segregation and are the cause of the day to day violence. The ill motive that the whites and the blacks hold towards each other is clearly demonstrated in the president’s security details, where the relations between the prior established white officers.

Fragile X Syndrome Symptoms and Investigation

Fragile X Syndrome Symptoms and Investigation Title Complications and investigations of Fragile X syndrome Introduction Fragile X syndrome is considered the most common heritable form of mental retardation, it affects approximately 1 in 4000 males and 1 in 8000 female it is an X linked disease caused by mutation in the† FMR1 gene â€Å"This mutation in dynamic it varies in length and so in severity from generation to generation The syndrome is more severely affecting boys It is associated with by prominent or long ears This abnormal morphology suggests abnormal auditory function.. The mutational mechanism, combined with the location of this gene on the X chromosome, leads to remarkable inheritance patterns in which the relevant alleles are passed from intellectually normal men through their unaffected daughters and then to affected sons Aim of Work Study the complications and achieve accurate investigation of fragile X syndrome Methods Meta-analysis randomized controlled trials studies were revised of Fragile x analysis patients either complicated with hemiplegia or not , and Systematic review and several case control studies were revised about hearing assessment using auditory evoked potential or auditory stimuli on children with fragile X syndrome were identified based on systematic searches of 5 electronic databases including Pubmed database ,in addition to Searching on internet on site of national fragile x foundation and site † European Journal of Human Genetics†, which provide me with many information that helped me in proving the role of chromosome Karyotyping and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) microarray in investigation of Fragile X syndrome Results According to Above Methods , Sample of Children with Fragile X syndrome showed that Seizures are reported to occur in 10 to 20 percent of cases with a full mutation FXS 1 and are typically of the complex partial type 4. About 25 – 50 % suggested a high incidence of autistic behavior , most of them were in the mild to moderate autistic range while few suggested to have severe autism . Also, another screening studies were done and revealed that the sensitivity to develop autism in children with FXS is very high. in one cross sectional study, Participants (aged 10-23 years) included 17 males and females with FXS and 16 males and females serving as controls. Patients with FXS showed decreased functional connectivity in the salience, precuneus, left executive control, language, and visuospatial networks compared with controls. Decreased fALFF in the bilateral insular, precuneus, and anterior cingulate cortices also was found in patients with FXS compared with control participants, it is evident that FXS is a neurogenetic disorder characterized by a cognitive and behavioral phenotype resembling features of autism spectrum disorder. But no cases develop a more serious neurologic disorder such as hemiplegia as one of its complications In control studies which is done on sample of children with Fragile X syndrome after chromosome Karyotyping We found a break, or weakness, on the long arm of the X chromosome. it was helpful, it was not always accurate as, those with premutations did not have the typical â€Å"Fragile X† chromosome as seen under the microscope. Also, using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) micro array is very useful  as Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) micro array is a genetic test to detect any small deletions and duplications of the subtelomers of chromosomes Several case control studies was performed using auditory evoked potential One of them was made on 10 girls with fragile X syndrome and another age matched typically developing controls aimed at performing an auditory temporal discrimination task in a 3T scanner proved that there is significantly great brain activation in the left lateralized network On the other hand a case control study was mad on 23 with FXS and 21 controls by using auditory evoked potential and it proved that AEP of fragile X syndrome patients is within the normal limits Conclusion From above studies methods and their results, it was found that there is many complications of fragile X syndrome as: Seizure, which is reported to occur in 10 to 20 percent of cases with a full mutation FXS  high percentage of Fragile X syndrome patients develop autism . There are also evidence of developing other developmental disorders But, no case has been reported to develop hemiplegia so, the fragile x patient is not prone to be hemiplegic. Above studies also showed the accurate investigations for FXS as  chromosome Karyotyping help in diagnosis of Fragile X syndrome I recommend it in this case to show the affected gene but , it was not always accurate hearing assessment is recommended to diagnose fragile X syndrome as most of these children have hearing difficulties Although the absence of these difficulties does not rule out the disease (CGH) micro array is recommend in to investigate case with fragile X chromosome.As it can detect specific abnormalities in a chromosome. References Scambler DJ, Hepburn SL, Hagerman RJ, Rogers SJ. A preliminary study of screening for risk of autism in children with fragile X syndrome: testing two risk cut-offs for the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2007 Apr;51(Pt 4):269-76. PubMed PMID: 17326808. Petit E, Hà ©rault J, Raynaud M, Cherpi C, Perrot A, Barthà ©là ©my C, Lelord G, Mà ¼h JP. X chromosome and infantile autism. Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Sep 15;40(6):457-64. PubMed PMID: 8879465. Lee AD., Leow AD., Lu A., et al 3D Pattern of brain abnormalities in fragile X syndrome visualized using tensor-based morphometry. Neurolmage. 2007;34:924–938. Haas BW., Barnea-Goraly N., Lightbody A., et al Early white-matter abnormalities of the ventral frontostriatal pathway in fragile X syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009;51:593–599. Ribacoba Montero R, Salas Puig J, Fernà ¡ndez Toral J, Fernà ¡ndez Martà ­nez JM, Moral Rato M. [Fragile X syndrome and epilepsy]. Neurologia [Internet]. 1995 Feb [cited 2013 Dec 1];10(2):70–5. Musumeci SA, Hagerman RJ, Ferri R, Bosco P, Dalla Bernardina B, Tassinari CA, et al. Epilepsy and EEG findings in males with fragile X syndrome. Epilepsia [Internet]. 1999 Aug [cited 2013 Dec 1];40(8):1092–9. Crawford DC, Acuna JM, Sherman SL: FMR1 and the fragile X syndrome: human genome epidemiology review. Genet Med 2001; 3: 359–371. Hagerman RJ: Medical follow-up and pharmacotherapy; in Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ (eds):: Fragile X Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment and Research, 3rd edn. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002, pp 287–338. Roberts J, Hennon EA, Anderson K, Roush J, Gravel J, Skinner M, et al. Auditory brainstem responses in young males with Fragile X syndrome. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR [Internet]. 2005 Apr [cited 2013 Dec 2];48(2):494–500. Rueda J-R, Ballesteros J, Guillen V, Tejada M-I, Solà   I. Folic acid for fragile X syndrome. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews [Internet]. 2011 Jan [cited 2013 Dec 3];(5):CD008476. Keywords :- FragileXsyndrome – autism- epilepsy- CGH-chromosome karyotyping -auditory evoked potential -hemiplegia

Compaing Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and Arks and Genetic Bottlenec

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since the dawn of time, science has been in the minds of men. In the story, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, Victor deals with the creation of life as opposed to   "Arks and Genetic Bottlenecks" by Harold J. Morowitz which denies the scientific validation of Noah's Ark.   Science, in most cases, has interfered with human lives, especially in religion in the aspect of   human cloning. In reality, it is not just a question of science, it is a matter of science versus religion. How far will science go to allow human cloning which is a test of people's religious beliefs?   Both Frankenstein and "Arks and Genetic Bottlenecks" provide readers with some similar and some different answers.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First, Frankenstein, and "Arks and Genetic Bottlenecks," deal with a similar issue that today people know as cloning. In   Frankenstein film, Victor creates life out of dead bodies by   reactivating the dead cells with chemicals and electricity, despite his professor's warning that "creation of life is only in God's hands." In "Arks and Genetic Bottlenecks," Morowitz also discusses genes and how all different organisms do not have the same assortment of genes with exception of identical twins (760), and that genetic diversity is essential for the survival of all species. Though, today, cloning is a big issue which people are afraid of, Mary Shelley, in her time, had an idea that scientists might attempt something similar to cloning which instilled fear in the hearts of men, and made her write Frankenstein.   A similar fear is generated by Dolly, the Sheep cloned in Scotland in 1997. According to the film, Human Cloning, this has made religious activists protest against cloning in fear that science would destroy mank... ...man.   The question still remains: Are scientists going to "learn . . .   how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge . . ." (Shelley 154), or are they still obsessed with proving Harold J. Morowitz   right?    Works Cited Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. A play by Nick DiMartino, Direct. Moses Goldberg. Narr. Professor McNamar. Global Stage Production. WLIW21 Presentation. Class Movie.   HSS 100-002. Fall Semester, March 22, 2002. Human Cloning: Investigative Reports.   Pres. Bill Kurtis. A & E Special Presentation February 4, 2002. Morowitz Harold J. "Arks and Genetic Bottlenecks." Fields of Reading Motives for Writing. Sixth ed.  Ã‚   Ed. Nancy R Comley et al. New York: Bedford, 2001. Shelley, Mary. "From Frankenstein." The Example of Science. Ed. Robert E. Lynch and Thomas B. Swanzey. Boston: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2000. (152-156)

Sociological Analysis of the Presidential Election of 2012

Sociological Analysis of the Presidential Election of 2012 from a Structural Functionalist Perspective and a Conflict Perspective. As the presidential election draws closer, we could vividly view our society from social conflict and structural functionalist perspectives. The democratic process helps us to ask why do we accept and embrace democracy, how does it influence our social patterns and functions; and how does democracy really work for the stability of our society.In this essay, I will analyze the presidential election of 2012 using sociological perspective with emphasis on manifest and latent functions, class, race and gender conflicts. It is a known fact that democracy and demography are like Siamese twins that cannot be separated. These demographics include gender, race, age, disability, wealth, employment status, and locations. Politicians have used, and still using, these elements to know which group is the best to appease. On gender issue, the two prominent political par ties, Democratic and the Republican Parties, know that â€Å"females voters make up 52% of the US electorate† (Bloomberg News).These women tend to vote for any political party that caters to their needs. Also, race is part of political consideration. The African-Americans, Asian-Americans, the Hispanics and White are different voting blocs which the politicians must woo. According to the online Hispanic News, â€Å"the recent release of National Census data confirms that â€Å"50 million Latinos are part of the American electorate†. Not only the Hispanics are increasing in population, the African American grew by 1. 6% in 2010 while the Asian-American are recently declared, by CNN, as the â€Å"fastest growing minority in the US†.Another demographic to be considered is age. Steven Thomma and William Douglas of McClatchy Newspaper said, â€Å"Statistics show that older white and rich voters are more reliable electorates than the young voters; they tend to vote Republican Party†. The question now is how all these fit into our sociological perspective. I will start by looking at the manifest function of our democracy. In truth, democracy has helped to stabilize and also create unity among citizens. It has become a recognized and accepted process which everyone look forward to periodically.It is intended to involve all qualified adults in picking their next leaders. The sense is that once everyone is involved, then the majority will be pleased with the government. However, as much as there has been good governance through democracy, there have also been some unintended consequences too. These consequences can be seen by examining the latent function of our democracy. Today, one can hardly watch TV or listen to the radio without seeing or hearing the fracture that exists in the political system of our country.Citizens have been divided into two or more groups based on their party affiliations. The divide is so obvious that parties are n ot willing to compromise on any issue. The result is a stagnant government, and no reasonable policies have been passed into law. It is hard to know if this fraction is recognized but we surely know that it is unintended. Aside from stability and loyalty which democracy brought into our society, we have seen inequality that generates conflicts. These conflicts can be seen in class, race and gender.On Class, according to Real Cleat Politics, the Pew Research Center found in 2008 that six out of ten Americans say that the Republican Party â€Å"favors the rich†. Real Clear Politics went further to state how the Republican policies give tax break to the rich and the Democrats want tax breaks for the middle class and the poor. This situation has created a permanent wide gap between the rich and the poor. Another conflict is race; it is not surprising that the political parties are trying to woo the ethnic group with the highest population.The Democrats are trying to lure the Hisp anic with immigration reform while the Republicans are trying to solidify their White base with a promise of deportation of illegal immigrants. Both sides are aggressively marketing their ideas to each race for votes. According to US Catholics News, â€Å"these problems have led to family division, causing a heavy toll on children and families of Hispanic community’. The Hispanics are not the only group suffering from this political division, The African- American, the Asian-American, the Indian-Americans and all other minorities are all struggling to fit into the social structure.For all of these, one can easily see both the minorities and the majority voting along their party line. The minority ethnic groups tend to vote for Democrats while the majority ethnic group votes Republican. Another well observed social conflict can be seen in gender. The gender issue has brought out many social issues. From woman’s health, contraceptives and abortion, parenthood and womanh ood, the list goes on and women are taking their stands on issues that concern them. The women are the largest electorate in US.LA Progress, an online News Journal, after series of research, simply concludes that â€Å"Women will decide 2012 Presidential Election†. For this reason, politicians are coming up with policies that will benefit women. However, not all these policies are favorable to all women. For example, the pro-life advocates want abortion abolished, the pro-choice advocates wants abortion to be part of preventive healthcare programs. The debate has generated so much heat that some abortion clinics were burned down and some abortion doctors were murdered.With all these issues in mind, pro-choice women mostly vote for Democrats while pro-life women mostly vote for Republicans. Men have been the agitators for gun rights. Policies are fashioned to give them freedom to own guns without any restrictions; these policies have led to the availability of street guns. The lovers of guns mostly vote republican while the pro-gun control group mostly votes for republicans. It is important to mention here that National Rifle Association, the best known body that represents gun rights advocates, has both male and female members.Above all, this election is very unique because from the look of things, the minorities especially the Hispanic and women are increasing in population and they will determine the election outcome. The Hispanic and women mostly vote for Democrats while Asian-American, the fastest growing minority, mostly votes for Republicans because of their conservative values. In all, the political landscape is definitely shifting from what it used to be. We will all see the political party it favors in November. References: Bloomberg News:

Racial Profiling within America’s Criminal Justice System Essay

The criminal justice system of America is deeply scarred with racial bias. Crimes are being committed and, in turn, are resulting with innocent people doing hard-time. Thankfully, newfound methods of appealing court rulings are finding justice for these minorities; however, the results are as shocking as the crimes being committed. When it was found that the majority of successful appeals were of minorities, the true defects of the system was apparent. The minority community is being critically judged for things they’re not doing. Throughout the last decade lawmakers have be aiding the racial profiling scene. Arizona legislature passed a law allowing for an officer to demand papers of any person that proved their legal citizenship. The law, intending to lower the illegal immigrants in Arizona, became a symbol for racial profiling within our government. President Obama strongly opposed the passing of the law saying that it threatened â€Å"to undermine basic notions of fairness that we cherish as Americans, as well as the trust between police and our communities that is so crucial to keeping us safe† (Archibold). It is a very rare occasion where the President speaks out about state legislature, proving the enormity of the law and its regards to human rights in America. The law, dubbed the â€Å"Show Me Your Papers† law, has Arizona residents furious. Faulting someone of being illegal, purely based on their appearance is a very subjective issue. Someone with a last name of Garcia or Rodriquez is much more likely to be suspected of being in the country illegally rather than someone with the last name of Smith. Because Smith has a very typically â€Å"American† last name, he, most likely, wouldn’t be asked to prove citizenship. This is a perfect example of the kind of profiling that Arizonians are concerned about. Not only have lawmakers been creating laws supporting racial profiling, but laws such as the â€Å"Stand your Ground† law in Florida are allowing for racial profiling to occur under a pseudonym. The â€Å"Stand your Ground† law allows for someone to use deadly force, if needed, in order to protect themselves from harm’s way. The recent slayings of teenagers Trayvon Martin and Jordan Davis, two African American teenagers, have so far been defended under the law, bringing uproar to the state–especially among the black community. Even worse, it’s considered legal. Families and friends of these children defend them as being upstanding citizens killed due to their race. Although Martin and Davis have not been the only people murdered under the law, they are the ones bring publicity to it. Due to the media attention, the policy’s effect on different racial groups is finally being questioned. John Roman, a senior fellow at the Urban Institute’s Justice Policy Center, conducted a study intending to measure the racial bias within the policy. Roman focused his study on killings that were considered justified within the eyes of the court: the murder of people that just committed a felony. â€Å"Roman found that the killings of black people by whites were more likely to be considered justified than the killings of white people by blacks†¦. In non-Stand Your Ground states, whites are 250 percent more likely to be found justified in killing a black person than a white person who kills another white person; in Stand Your Ground states, that number jumps to 354 percent.† (Childress). Roman’s findings show that even laws that weren’t aimed to become a racial issue are. The issue, however, is that it’s not being stopped despite the blatantly obvious ramifications. Some might argue that people of color are being convicted for more crimes than other races because they’re the ones committing more crimes. A valid point, however, with the recent advancement of these races throughout society, it would be thought that these numbers would be heading in opposite directions. In reality, minorities are being served harsher consequences than their white counterparts despite their equal standing in society. Michigan State University (MSU) conducted a study revealing that there was often racial bias when selecting a jury—especially those involving minority parties. The study conducted by MSU examined jury selection as well as the decisions made by said juries. â€Å"The MSU study of capital charging and sentencing found that those who kill whites are more likely to get the death penalty than those who kill blacks. The MSU study found that a defendant is 2.6 times more likely to get the death penalty if the victim is white.† (ACLU). Following the study, North Carolina passed a law entitled the â€Å"Racial Justice Act†. This piece of legislature made it possible for inmates to appeal their sentences due to supposed racial profiling. Since the passing of the law last year, there have been 4 successful appeals. The law doesn’t guarantee that the whole sentence will be reversed; however, it puts in place a system that allows for flaws in the length/severity of the sentence to be readdressed. The passing of the law as well as the MSU study prove that although there are more minorities being charged for crimes, the charges are of ill-willed intentions. In addition to undeserved charges, DNA testing has exonerated hundreds of people for crimes in which they were convicted over the past few years. When DNA testing became readily available to the criminal justice system, crucial flaws began to surface. It was realized that people were serving hard-time for felony crimes they didn’t commit. University of Virginia Law professor, Brandon Garrett, studied the first 200 people exonerated through said DNA testing. He compared the demographics of the exonerees concluding that â€Å"[Of] the innocent group, all male save one†¦71 percent were minorities. The vast majority of exonerated rape convicts (73 percent) were black or Hispanic, while studies show only about 37 percent of rape convicts are minorities.† (Wood). These hundreds of people are provide valid evidence supporting that, although people of color are being convicted of more crimes, they are also being cleared of said crimes. Racial ethnicity plays a large factor when it comes to being convicted of a crime. Oftentimes, a person of color is automatically assumed to be more likely of committing a crime than a Caucasian person. People of minority races are being targeted as criminals purely based on their looks rather than their guilt. Laws have been passed both for and against said issue, providing for a government that is facilitating racism. Racial profiling isn’t an act that would be thought of as happening in the 21st century, following the Civil Rights movement of the mid 1900’s. Despite the advancements in society, America’s criminal justice system hasn’t quite advanced so far. Works Cited Archibold, Randal. â€Å"Arizona Enacts Stringent Law on Immigration† NYtimes.com April 23, 2012. Web. New York Times January 30, 2013. Childress, Sarah. â€Å"Is There Racial Bias in ‘Stand your Ground’ Law?† PBS.org, July 31, 2012. Web. UNC-TV January 30, 2013 ACLU. â€Å"North Carolina Racial Justice Act† ACLU.org, December 17, 2012. Web. American Civil Liberties Union January 30, 2013 Wood, Mary. â€Å"Study of First 200 DNA Exonerations Shows Flawed Criminal System† law.virginia.edu, July 23, 2007. Web. University of Virginia February 2, 2013

Unknowingly Living With Mental Illnesses Professor Ramos Blog

Unknowingly Living With Mental Illnesses Mental illnesses have increased throughout a period of years and people have accepted them into their daily routines, so much so, that it almost seems like a normal thing to cope with. But what people do not ask themselves often is how did this ailment begin? In the story â€Å"Never Marry a Mexican† by Sandra Cisneros, she introduces a character named Clemencia- a troubled young women with a history of family problems and a natural instinct to self destruct. I am writing about this story because in a way, Clemencia and I have similarities. She and I both had a mother who cheated on her husband and we both have emotional scars that were never properly healed. A type of trauma like this stays with a person for a while and sometimes forever, especially if they do not learn how to forgive, accept, and move on. A child’s adolescence is the rise of their future characteristics; you can either let nature  raise a child or you can nurture them, though, however you choose, there will be some kind of psychology applied to their environment. Clemencia grew up in more of a nature environment being left to fend for herself and it seemed to have caused her psychological distress: â€Å"psychological discomfort that interferes with your activities of daily living. Psychological distress can result in negative views of the environment, others, and the self.† (study.com). Some symptoms of P.D. are obsessive thoughts or compulsions and reckless acts. Clemencia did not show too much happiness throughout the affair because she knew Drew was a man who would never stay with her when the sun would rise or no matter how many times she asked him to leave his wife for her, he would not. But she did find joy through secretly taunting Megan by having a romantic affair with her husband. Reckless ac ts like Clemencia’s are not considered normal and rather unhealthy. She knew her actions were specifically meant for bad intentions and pursued them to feel satisfaction. Though this story did not mention Clemencia having any mental illnesses, it could be one explanation for her erratic behavior. When her father had passed away, she was not given the proper care to grief and move on. She did not have the support of her mother to hold her and tell her everything would be okay. When her mother passed away, Clemencia felt nothing anymore. Not towards her mother, not towards her students, and not towards the affair she was having with Drew. A symptom like this is a sign of a sociopath: â€Å"a person with a psychopathic personality whose behavior is antisocial, often criminal, and who lacks a sense of moral responsibility or social conscience.† (Dictionary.com). A sociopath can be spotted through many observations but a specific symptom that resembled Clemencia was â€Å"Lack of remorse and shame† (Psychology Today). When she and Drew were having an affair, Clemencia never stopped to think about how this would affect his marriage and what hi s wife Megan would think of it. She enjoyed being a mistress in general but she was obsessed with Drew the most. She also never considered how this might possibly affect her personally in the future when she tries maturing and finding a healthy relationship. Actions like hers are capable of causing her more trauma than what she has already experienced. Another symptom Clemencia had was â€Å"Absence of delusions and other signs of irrational thinking†. (Psychology Today). When Drew was being phoned at four in the morning, Megan answered with a polite voice. Megan was not aware the phone was from her husband’s mistress, but this senseless act brought Clemencia an overpowering feeling of satisfaction and joy. All she could say to him was â€Å"Drew? That dumb bitch of a wife of yours†¦ that stupid stupid stupid†¦ Excuse me, honey. It cracked me up.† (Cisneros 61). Clemencia showed her worst possible behavior when she began putting gummy bears inside of Megan’s personal belongings. I understand Drew should have never gotten involved with anyone if we was already married. But I do not understand how Clemencia could be this delusional to stash gummy bears inside of his wife’s personal belongings- in places only Megan would look. Only a person who is emotionally distressed can be capable of sc heming at this level. A sociopath tends to have an oversized ego during a relationship. Many times Clemencia tried to convince Drew he was nothing without her. â€Å"They are narcissists to the extreme, with a huge sense of entitlement† (Huffington Post). She would take credit for the man he was and spoke of herself sounding pompous. Towards the end of the story, she spoke to Drew’s son, making her side of the story sound as if Drew was responsible for her acts and failures. But the very last symptom Clemencia proved to possibly be a sociopath was her talk of suicide. She was not convinced in the end of her story that she would ever actually commit suicide. But she did speak of it and consider it towards herself and the possible death of others. Though her suicide thoughts are in her mind- a sociopath never actually carries on the thought. That does not mean she is not a threat to other people. Her traumatic situation impacted her life gradually and even though she did not act physically vio lent, Clemencia’s past could still affect her future. Who knows what actual disorder she could have had and what risks come with it. To my readers- please be careful out there. Cisneros, Sandra â€Å"Never Marry a Mexican.† Woman Hollering Creek, Bloomsbury, 2004, pp.51–69. Macrina Cooper-White. â€Å"11 Signs You May be Dating a Sociopath.†HuffPost, 6 Dec. 2017, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/23/11-signs-dating-a-sociopath_n_3780417.html M.E. Thomas. â€Å"How to Spot a Sociopath.† Confessions of a Sociopath, 7 May 2013, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/201305/how-spot-sociopath Yolanda Williams. â€Å"What is Psychological Distress.† https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-psychological-distress-definition-lesson-quiz.html

Johnson & Johnson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Johnson & Johnson - Essay Example To do so the details like the SIC code and the industry code have been discussed. Also details of the competitors have been discussed. A detailed analysis of the financial ratios and a financial analysis have been made. Finally based on the analysis, recommendations have been drawn out for the company. b) Benchmarks: The various benchmarks that need to be considered are: Bonds and other fixed income investment, The NASDAQ Stock market, Technology Stocks, International Stocks, Overall market, Japanese Market, and the Mortgage rates. The interest rate is the current interest rate that is offered. d) External factors: Events across the world and the economic conditions are two very strong factors that affect the working of Johnson & Johnson. Other factors like the cost of things in the country i.e. the inflation levels of the country also plays a very important role in the decision making of the company. The company faces major competition from Eli Lily, Novartis and Procter & Gamble. The market shares of these companies, based on their revenues are illustrated below to give a clear picture of the company’s position in the market and its customer base. It is evident that Johnson and Johnson has a considerable 30% market share; however it is imperative to note that Procter and Gamble takes the lead with over 40% of the market. Though Novartis has comparatively lesser share of the market, Eli Lily is continuously shown steady growth over these years and has control over 20% of the market. The market share also indicates the potential of the industry and that there is a lot of opportunities for Johnson and Johnson to exploit in terms of revenue and customer base. Another major opportunity for Johnson and Johnson is to enter into the segment of medical devices and diagnostics which will improve its customer base and diversify its activities. b) Products & Services: The products and services of the company are mainly focused on the health industry.

The Human Side of Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Human Side of Organisations - Essay Example These targets were specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound. Following the future development targets was an extensive action plan that would help in achieving these targets. 1) Evidence 1.1 Self-Analysis A critical analysis of the personality inventory test taken for the purpose of this assignment made me understand my personality type along with my strengths and weaknesses. According to test results, my personality type is ENTJ which stands for extraverted, intuitive, thinking and judging. Further consideration of these results made me understand that I am capable of looking at a broader picture underlying a situation instead of its specifics (Sharp, 1987). Furthermore, I thrive in situations that allow more cognitive application and social interaction. Research performed to understand my test results indicated that this personality type is known as extraverted thinking (Furnham, Moutafi, and Paltiel, 2005). I like to socialize in practically every situation from academics to family life and community events, intuition acts as my major strength while handling any task or situation at hand. As a result my responses are usually robust; contain holistic view of the situation. Although some of the decisions are made unconsciously however my past experiences provide me with expertise and self-awareness act as a ground for such decisions. Further analysis with the help of course literature provided during the semester about intuition indicated that my intuitive intelligence is an amalgam of creative, social and expert intuition. As a result the decisions made are based on assessment of feelings of people involved in the decisions, my own experiences and understanding along with gut feelings leading to creative ideas. 1.2 Strengths and Weaknesses In the light of the analysis performed above, I was able to identify my personal strengths and weaknesses. Being an extrovert and intuitive persona, I am able to identify other people’s emotions and also read between the lines. Where I have undertaken quite a few projects in leadership roles, these traits helped me in interacting well with my team by understanding their personal emotional needs. My second strength can be effective time management. Since I perform judgment and thorough thinking about tasks before taking them and plan them well after they are assigned to me, therefore I try to keep a track of my performance through effective time management, prioritization and utilization of resources play a key role in this area. My third strength can be strategic thinking. Before making a decision, I try to analyze the situations, possible causes behind the problem and identify most appropriate solutions that will have long term positive results rather than short term success. Along with these strengths, I have several weaknesses which sometimes hinder my efficiency and effectiveness in certain situations. My first weakness can be difficulty in keeping balance between differen t tasks. Although I like multitasking, however it gets difficult to prioritize them and give them due share of time. I plan my tasks before time and keep a track of their

Project Management The effectiveness of the plans Essay

Project Management The effectiveness of the plans - Essay Example Project management is the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of company resources for a relatively short-term objective that has been established to complete specific goals and objectives. For planning and organizing the resources, Program evaluation and review technique(PERT) and Critical Path Method (CPM) are widely used techniques for better planning and control in project management. It forms the basis for all planning and predicting and these techniques provide the management with the ability to plan for the best possible use of resources to achieve a goal within the stipulated time and allotted budget. These techniques which were used for defense during the World War II, are now used by business managers across the world to get a visibility of the activities involved in the project so that repetition of activities is reduced. It helps the management to handle the uncertainties involved in the program by analyzing how much time is required for each activity and which activity is crucial for the timely completion of the project. It is useful for the management to collect all the relevant information for making decisions. The major deficiency of other methods such as the Gantt, milestone or bubble chart is the inability to show the interdependencies between event s and activities, which is overcome in the network analysis. The foremost advantage of PERT is that it requires planning in detail to create a network of activities. Network development and critical path analysis reveal interdependencies and problem areas that are not very clear if other methods are used. The technique lays its focus on determining where the greatest effort should be made for a project to stay on schedule. The next greatest advantage of network analysis is that the business manager can know about the probability of meeting specified deadlines by development of alternative plans. Another advantage of this analysis is that we can evaluate the effect of changes in the program. For example this technique can evaluate the effect of contemplated shift of resources from the less critical activities to the activities that are identified as probable bottlenecks. Thus resources and performance tradeoffs can be evaluated. This analysis also helps to present even the most complicated data into a diagram which can be presented to the custo mer/ management which makes the understanding and decision making easier. The network diagram and the calculation of total float is shown in the appendix - 1 and 2 respectively. The total project duration is 73 days and the critical path for the project includes the activities A, B, I, J, L, M, N, O, P, R. If the project starts on May 5th, 2008, the earliest date it will be completed is 13th August, 2008 if it is assumed that there are 5 days working in every week. From the analysis, we can say that when there is a 4 day delay during Q or E, there will not be any change because these activities are not a part of the critical path. When activity P is finished one day in advance, then the whole project will

What Sets Us Apart Essay Example for Free

What Sets Us Apart Essay In the essay â€Å"What Sets us Apart,† by Mortimer B. Zuckerman, he examines the issue of how America is regarded by foreign countries and the impact America has in these countries. Zuckerman acknowledges of Hollywood contributing to â€Å"a significant piece of America’s ‘soft power’† on how we are perceived by other countries; meaning that American culture is not viewed favorable by other countries because of Hollywood. Zuckerman’s perception is something that I agree with; unfortunately, America is viewed in a negative way by other countries because of Hollywood contributing to an askew image of America, a misperception by foreign countries, and the tolerance by the American society. First of all, the reason Hollywood has such a profound impact on the appearance on American society, is because they supply â€Å"over 70 percent of the European film makers and 90 percent† to the rest of the world. Sadly, Hollywood targets the â€Å"younger population audience who constitute the bulk† of the film industry, which has a tremendous impact to what movies contain. Of course, being a younger crowd will imply more â€Å"action, violence, sex, and special effects,† which seems as though it will not have an effect but it does. Since Hollywood is the biggest supplier of films to other countries, whatever is shown in these films (action, violence, sex, and special effects) will reflect the â€Å"American lifestyle. Thanks to these images, â€Å"Hollywood has made Americanism a dirty word. † Furthermore, these misperceptions of the American lifestyle has made foreign countries once â€Å"favorable opinion[s] of the United States† drop in recent years. The liberty portrayed in America gives rise to the fears of an up rise by the people in a communism country. Thus making democracy â€Å"less attractive,† rather than displaying the beauty of democracy. People from foreign countries that have strong values see our society with little to no morals, and a lot of promiscuity. All of these factors emitted by the media have attributed to making America a less desirable place to other countries. Moreover, the American society has tolerated and accepted what the media has presented to other foreign countries. The purchase of any these products means we have accepted what is being displayed and agree with what is shown in them. As Americans we need to educate other countries that we are educated individuals whom have strong values and value diversity. We need to show how organized and well-established we are as a democratic society. Here in America, freedom and liberty is granted to individuals in their lifestyle choices. Being American grants us the freedom that not many countries offer; as Americans we can demonstrate the beautiful attributes we have as a society. Overall, we need to demonstrate and educate countries whom view us poorly that we are not what the media displays. Instead, let us show the beautiful aspects of life this country offers to all ethnicities. Here, in America, like Zuckerman said we are provided with â€Å"self-help, self-improvement, and self-renovation† that no other country can offer.

The Scope Of Study And Limitation Construction Essay

The Scope Of Study And Limitation Construction Essay The topic for this dissertation is a study on the construction wastes minimization in Malaysia Construction Industry. Nowadays, construction and demolition waste that produced in the site is increasing and becoming larger portion of the waste disposed in Malaysia landfill. This research is selected and carried out mainly due to the waste materials from site have been largely generated and most of the Construction Industries in Malaysia have not been practising by using 4Rs Concept to minimize the waste on site. This is might cause serious impact to the environment. The construction waste has generated a significant amount of waste to the earth that causes major impact on the global. Therefore, solutions have to be implemented to minimizing the construction waste to reduce the impact of the environment. Rising disposal costs and reduction in number of landfills create a need to search for alternatives to reduce, reuse, recycle and replace of construction waste being generated. Under this assertion, implementation of construction waste management can be one of the apparent solutions for the industry to minimize waste and waste disposal, ultimately reducing costs incurred during the process and contributing to the global Environmental-friendly movement (Bon-Gang Hwang, 2010). The construction waste will increase from time to time in during the development of very large projects especially located in Town area. Thus, the necessity of finding appropriate solution to reduce the potential of construction waste been generated. Nowadays the waste management is not an option anymore but necessary. It must be seriously concerns and implement a useful tool to minimize the construction waste on site. Therefore, Reused and Recycle has been known as one of the best solution to recycle the waste materials into recycled contents and turn into usable materials. Sadly though, our national domestic recycling rate still excurse around a mere five percent (Bernama, 2006). Currently in Malaysia, it is still not much of the construction industry practice of 4Rs Concept. Thus, implementing of 4Rs Concept is one of the methods to solve the material waste to minimize the waste. According to Yusoff (2010) has apparently stated that wastages affect not only to the environment but also incur extra costs. In Malaysia, there is a huge potential in reuse and recycle of construction waste into alternative materials that is usable in Malaysian Construction industry if implement correctly. This will hopefully bring about construction resurgence (Yusoff, 2010). In many of the developed countries have started to implement reuse and recycle of the construction materials aggressively. The construction wastes affect not only the environment but also incurred extra cost has been spent on the new material. This is mainly due to maybe the un-used material on site has been damaged and additional cost need to reorder the material. Therefore, there is a need of implementing a good material storage to avoid damaging the material. Other than that, the method of reuse and recycle of waste has been largely used on other developed counties. This means that there are has the huge potential in reuse and recycle of waste material on site in Malaysia. Thurs, implementing 4Rs Concept to reduce the extra cost incur on the unnecessary materials and also reuse and recycle of construction waste in the Malaysian construction industry. This will hopefully minimize the construction waste from being largely generated on site. Problem Statement It is obviously that most of the construction industries may produce or generate a tremendous amount of debris and also solid waste from sites. These debris and solid waste will leave onto the sites for decades or just dump into the sea that may cause to water pollution not just to our country but also damaging the world. In order to allow construction waste to be minimized, it is either by managing the material properly such as provide a good housekeeping, provide proper material storage and so on or using 4Rs Concept such as reduce, reuse, recycle and replace of material waste on site. Most of the constructions industries generate lots of debris that can be totally cease because in every construction industry during activities in on going, there will be waste occurred no matter what method used to prevent it. It is depend on how the project management reduce the waste to the minimal. In Malaysia, majority of the construction industry do not take advantages or practise of using reuse and recycle method and at the end the material abandon on the construction site. Consequently, this will cause increasing of burden on landfill loading and operation on site. Thurs, it is time for Malaysia to start to manage the material properly and also practise using recycle and reused to minimize the material waste on site. Therefore, it is advisable to all construction industries in Malaysia should start to practise 4Rs Concepts in order to minimize the construction waste. Research Goals Project Aim The aim of this dissertation is mainly to carry out study regarding to minimize the construction waste in the construction industry. The Malaysian construction industry should implement several methods to minimize the construction waste material such as provide proper management for the material, reuse and recycle method and so on. Therefore, all the solution should be implementing in all construction industry in order to achieve the aims of this study. Objectives of Project To identify the types of waste that can be used to reuse or recycle in construction industry. To analyse the benefits of construction waste minimization in construction industry. To give out recommendation on how to overcome the construction waste problem in construction industry. Key Questions What are the types of waste that can be used to reuse and recycle in construction industry? What benefits can the construction waste minimization contribute to the construction industry? Which types of method can be implemented to overcome the construction waste problem in construction industry? Background of Study Nowadays many constructions industries around the world have produced a tremendous amount of waste into this world. Many of the waste produced from the constructions site has been dump on all over the places and it will increase from time to time relatively with development of rural and urban areas if construction industries did not managed them properly. Therefore, construction waste management plays an important role to minimize or control the amount of waste that produce from the construction site. The Malaysian construction industry has now mainly concerns regarding to the amount of construction waste generated in Malaysia. In many of the developed countries have been using reuse and recycle of construction waste. Therefore, reuse and recycle have been recognised as one of the most workable strategy to control and minimize the waste on site. In most of projects, more than half of the construction wastes are recyclable materials. There are several authors have been highlighted strategies for waste minimization. One of the strategies that find repeated mention in the literature is the strategy referred to as 3Rs reduce, reuse, recycle. (Shekdar, 2008; Wang et al., 2008; Kibert and Languell, 2000;Teo and Loosemore, 2001). Therefore, there is a good opportunity to implementing 4Rs concept rather than 3Rs. This is mainly due to the 4Rs Concept is a better and workable strategy that can be used to control and minimize the construction waste. Scope of Study and Limitation This research is mainly focusing on the construction wastes minimization in Malaysian construction industry. In this research, a case study of construction wastes minimization in Malaysian construction industry which mainly focusing on cities or town area such as Kuala Lumpur. Firstly, this research is carry out to ensure whether that the practise of reuse and recycle waste has been implemented in Malaysian construction industries. Besides that, to investigate the current trend of the waste management in Malaysian construction industry in order to find out the waste minimization method that provides smooth flow of process. Secondly, this research is carrying out by questionnaires to the relevant respondents that have the skills and knowledge regarding to the research topic. Not all respondents has the knowledge that can contribute to the research topic due to not many respondents had the experience and knowledge regarding to the construction waste minimization. The targets of the respondents are mainly focus on who have the experiences and knowledge regarding to the construction waste minimization in Kuala Lumpur such as contractors, specialists, professionals, project manager, etc. Contribution of the study First of all, this research is carried out due to various reasons. The main reason of this research is to reduce the cost of construction material and disposal. Due to this reason less waste will be generated means that a reduced quantity of materials will be purchased and less waste taken to landfill will reduce gate fees for disposal as well. This will improved recovery practices and motivate a sustained change in waste management practise in future. In order to reduce the cost of construction material, reused and recycled construction waste is the best solution to dispose the waste materials in the construction industry. Secondly, reused and recycled is an economically viable option. Using reused and recycled, the waste materials on site will not be dumped indiscriminately and sent to incinerators of burnt on-site or sent to landfill sites. Contractors could just send the materials to recycling centres. From recycling of construction wastes, contractors could recoup their losses and make a healthy profit out of it. This method is already been used in the United States. In Malaysia, reused and recycled is still not commonly practise. Therefore, there is much potential to contribute on the market for recycled construction wastes. Therefore, our country not just cut down the landfill sites but also cut down a lot of expenses on construction material to construction industry. The construction industry produces substantial amount of waste, which is about four times of that produced in households thereby accounting for more than 50 per cent of the waste deposited in a typical landfill (Ferguson et al., 1995; Coventry and Guthrie, 1998). This means the rising of disposal costs and reductions in number of landfills that create a need to seek for other solutions to either reduce, recycle and reuse or providing a good material storage management for the material from being damage and lead to construction waste. Lastly, the contractors in every construction industry should be practising 3Rs Concept or provide proper training regarding on efficiency of the material storage management. This will hopefully to prevent losses in the construction industry because the amount of construction waste generated is equal to waste of money in the construction company. This research is carried out to investigate the best options to minimize or dispose the waste from the site in order to make the company gain profits. Research Methodology This research will be focus on the benefits of the construction waste management, the types of waste used to reuse or recycle and the method used to overcome the construction waste in order to minimize the construction waste in Malaysia construction industry. The stages of the research methodology can divided into 4 stages, which are: Stage 1 Literature Review and the Pilot Study Stage 2 The Technique of Data Collections Stage 3 The Result of Analysis and Findings Stage 4 The Conclusion and Recommendation of Data Analysis Stage 1 Literature Review and the Pilot Study The literature review is a critical and in depth evaluation of previous research. The literature review serves to demonstrate and more understanding and knowledge of theoretical and research issues related to research topic. In order to collect information in the literature review, the secondary sources is implement which included journal articles, books, newspapers, magazines, online sources, senior dissertation, etc. Therefore, a comprehensive of literature review regarding to the construction waste minimization in Malaysian construction industry is carry out. These will hopefully providing some useful information in carrying out the research topic in literature review. The literature review act as a guide to discovered more knowledge regarding to the research topic. Stage 2 The Technique of Data Collections Primary Source Primary source can be collected through case study, questionnaire and interview. These are the effective alternative solution that enables to collect adequate and solid information regarding to research topic. The questionnaire survey technique is chosen to collect the data. Questionnaire Questionnaire will be the primary data collection which was selected as survey method for this research. The data collection is based on the open-ended questionnaires will be given out 20-50 respondents to relevant person who has the experience and knowledge in construction waste management. The questionnaire was designed in several sections and categories, the questionnaires will be distribute to the construction industry companies located in city area of Kuala Lumpur. The target respondents to distribute the questionnaire are mainly focus on the person who has knowledge regarding to the types of waste used to reuse or recycle, the benefits of the construction waste management and the method to overcome the construction waste. Secondary Source Secondary source can be collected through journal articles and journal review. In this secondary source, carry out study as much journal articles as possible in order to understand and provide help on this research topic. Other than that, other secondary source in including books, newspapers, magazines, internet sources, senior dissertation will also be carried out to conduct this dissertation. The information that has been review or study must relate to the research topic in order to carry out this research efficiently. Stage 3 The Result of Analysis and Findings The data can be collected through surveying in questionnaire method. The structure of the questions is based on the research topic which is minimizing construction waste in the Malaysian construction industry. Approximate 20-50 sets of questions are send to the relevant respondents who has the experience and knowledge with the construction waste minimization. The respondents are mainly targeted on the project manager, specialists, professionals, etc. After the data of questionnaires has been collected and gathered, the analysis result will be analysed and present into bar charts, pie charts or histogram form with explanations in details regarding to the data collected. Form the data that had been collected, writing up of the content of the dissertation is used in this stage to write up the result of analysis and findings that cover the chapters proposed in every each of the following section. Stage 4 The Conclusion and Recommendation of Data Analysis In this stage, the overall result of the survey is combined and gathered, then come out with the conclusion of the data analysis. After result analyse of the data is taken, recommendation of the data analysis from the survey is suggested regarding to the construction waste minimization in Malaysia construction industry. The construction wastes minimization in Malaysian construction industry To identify the types of waste that can be used to reuse or recycle in construction industry To analyse the benefits of construction waste management in construction industry To give out recommendation on how to overcome the construction waste problem in construction industry Literature Reviews (Secondary source) STAGE 1 Technique of Data Collection (Primary source, Questionnaires) STAGE 2 The Result of Analysis and Findings A case study about the fire protection system in commercial building A set of question will be distribute to the commercial buildings users to dertermine theier knowledge about fire safety An interview would be carry out to the fire safety professionalSTAGE 3 Conclusion and Recommendation STAGE 4 Figure 1.1: The Flow Chart of the Research Methodology Summaries of Chapters Chapter 1: Introduction to the Research The Chapter 1 for the project and dissertation is introduction to the research. Under this chapter, the researcher needs to explain to the reader that the reason that choosing the dissertation title and briefly introduce the research title. The research goals for this research also one of the important parts to be included in this chapter. The aim, objectives and hypothesis to be tested for the research title should be clear before start. A research content is a basic requirement to be prepared before proceed to the next stage. This is to brief the whole process of dissertation to the reader before read the content. Chapter 2: Literature Review Literature review is to introduce the types of materials that can be reuse and recycle in Malaysian construction industry, the construction waste management that may lead benefits to the Malaysian construction industry and recommend on how the construction waste problem can be overcome in Malaysian construction industry. In this chapter, literature review will done by carried out studies on Articles from the internet, online sources, books and journals regarding to the construction waste in Malaysian construction industry, the types of particular waste material that can be used to reuse and recycle in order to minimize the waste in Malaysia and recommend some solution to overcome the problem regarding to construction waste. Chapter 3: Research Methodology In this chapter will explain about the research methodology used in order to carry out this research. This chapter consists of the scope of this chapter, the statement of the research aim, the rational of questionnaire, research samples and lastly the method of analysis. In the first stage, the principle of waste management that normally manage in Malaysian construction industry. The second stage will be introducing the benefits of waste management that may lead benefits to the Malaysian construction industry. After that, introduce the types of waste material that can be used to reuse and recycle and recommend the most effective ways to overcome the waste problem in Malaysian construction industry. In order to achieve effective and efficient feedback from the respondent, all the design questionnaire should met with all the research objectives. Chapter 4: The Result of Analysis and Findings In this chapter will analyse the result from the questionnaire that collected from the relevant respondents. The purpose of this chapter will analyse the data collected and to analyse the information that obtained to charts or histogram from the respondents regarding of that particular title. Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations In this chapter will sum up the conclusion and recommendation regarding of the project and dissertation on this research topic. Base on the result that obtained, the researcher should write down the conclusion and recommendation on this research topic. This will conclude all the information obtained and summarise the major conclusion to briefly explain what this research topic is all about. 1.9 Summary As a conclusion, a brief introduction has been stated in this chapter regarding to the construction waste minimization in Malaysian construction industry. Besides that, background of construction waste in the industries is reviewed and come out with several factors such as reduce, reused, recycle and replace. Next, problem statement has been stated the problems that face in the current construction industries regarding to the waste, thus 4Rs Concept is implement to minimize the waste. Therefore, the aim and objectives is carried out to determine the research topic. Other than that, the scope of the study has also carried out to come out with the location that the researcher going to focus and what are the targeted respondents. Lastly, research methodology is carried out to determine the method used to collect the data such as primary and secondary sources. After the data collected, analysis of the result will be conducted to analyse the information obtained into charts and histogram. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Introduction In this chapter, literature review is going to carry out in depth study on the overview of the Malaysian Construction industry. After that, introduce the types of waste that normally generated in Malaysia and the method to overcome the construction waste from site in order to minimize the waste produce on site. The process of this is to investigate whether Malaysia construction industry has practise and carried out the 4R Concept in order to minimize the waste on site. 2.2 The overview of the Malaysian construction industry Figure 2.1: National GDP and Construction GDP of 2006 to 2009 In Figure 2.1 stated that the GDP has constantly increased from 2008 to 2009. This means that the economy is growing in Malaysia. Therefore, Malaysian construction projects are needed to give momentum to the economy to make firm on the Construction GDP. When the economy grows, the standard of living, opportunity for the jobs, economy will increase as well. Whenever things that has a good side, there will be also a bad side of it. The bad side is that as there are demands of developments in Malaysia, the construction wastes produced will also increase as well. The construction industry will be known as non-environmental friendly industry due to pollution of air, water, sound and land. Other than that, it will also cause natural disasters such as flooding, landslides and so on. This is mainly due to inappropriate construction management and Lack of concern for the environmental consequences of large development projects. It is believed that the GDP has increase constantly. This shows that the standard of living, opportunity for the jobs, economy is increasing which mean waste generate by the Malaysian construction industry will be also increasing that may lead to pollution such as noise, air, water and land. This may cause to natural disaster such as landslides and flooding. Most of the developed countries such as Kuala Lumpur, they did not concern about the waste that produced to the environment and they just concern about the profit they are going to earn after the project is done. The construction industry in our country is fast becoming a big waste generator. The extensive building and infrastructure development projects have led to a huge increase of construction and demolition waste recently. With that in mind, the government introduced EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) in 1987 within the framework of the Environmental Quality Act (EQA). Environmental impact assessment (HA) is a legal measure to curb environmental pollution and ecological destruction at the source Environmental review of projects prevents not only environmental degradation, but also construction errors and faulty economic analysis (Yusoff, 2010). In developed country such as United States, the construction industry has already produced tones and tones of construction waste on site. Whereas, in under develop country such as Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is expected that numerous numbers of wastes is going to produce in the Malaysia construction industry. The waste produced in Malaysia will be more than United Stage due to there is more development on-going that cause waste definitely. Recently, the development of building and infrastructures project generates most of the waste due to hacking, dismantling, repairing work. On the other hand, the government also introduce the Environmental Impact Assessment. Environmental impact assessment is a legal measure to stop environmental pollution and ecological destruction at the source Environmental review of projects. It is not just minimizing the waste that generated in Malaysian construction industry but also environmental degradation. According to Ibrahim (2010) has stated that the construction materials wastage has shown that the costs of materials have been exceeded 50 percent of the construction cost, depending on the type of construction. The main reasons of causing such material wastage due to poor setting out error, workmanship, ordering of materials not meeting specifications and requirement, excessive use of materials, breakage in poor handling of materials and improper planning of storage (Ibrahim, 2010). This shows that in the construction industry, the percentage of the construction waste produced consist of very high percentage in Malaysia. Therefore it is time for everyone to take into consideration of implementing several ways to minimize the construction waste on site. Some waste is unavoidable even under perfect conditions of design and construction. But excessive waste is common in the construction process and has received lack consideration by contractors or the industry. The waste levels in Malaysia is considerably high and from the Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2005 we may find that waste may be generated and treated in many forms. Based on notification received by the Department of Environment (DOE), a total of 548,916.11 metric tonnes of scheduled wastes were generated in 2005 as compared to 469,584.07 metric tonnes in 2004 (Teoh Su Ping, 2009). It is surprisingly that the construction material turned up to be construction waste rapidly and gradually increasing from 2004 to 2005. It is just within one year, the waste that generated has gone up rapidly and the volume of the waste is calculated in metric tonnes of wastes which mean the production of waste is very serious in Malaysia. There is a lot of opportunity to improve on waste minimization in Malaysia. The breakdown according to waste categories and industry types are given in (Figure 2.2 and Figure 2.3 respectively). Of the total wastes produced; 8s5,734.92 metric tonnes (15.6%) were treated and disposed at Kualiti Alam Sdn. Bhd., 8,423.26 metric tonnes (1.5%) were treated and disposed at Trinekens (Sarawak) Sdn. Bhd., 17,650.01 metric tonnes (3.2%) of clinical wastes were incinerated at licensed off-site facilities, 5,224.00 metric tonnes (1.0%) were exported for recovery purposes, 149,569.99 metric tonnes (27.2%) of scheduled wastes were recovered at off-site facilities, an estimated 120,345.25 metric tonnes (21.9%) were treated on-site and 161,968.68 metric tonnes (29.5%) were stored onsite at waste generators premises. Six land farms and 16 on-site waste incinerators had been licensed by DOE to allow for on-site treatment and incineration respectively. (Malaysia environmental quality report, 2005). Figure 2.2 DOE: Quality of Scheduled Waste Generated by Category, 2005 (Sources from Malaysia environmental quality report, 2005) Figure 2.3 DOE: Quality of Scheduled Waste Generated by Industry, 2005 (Sources from Malaysia environmental quality report, 2005) 2.3 The types of waste produced in Malaysia There are various waste generated in Malaysia industry. The waste can be differentiating as following: Construction and demolition waste Commercial and industrial waste Domestic waste Special waste In this research, it is mainly focus on construction and demolition waste that generated in Malaysian construction industry. The construction and demolition waste is accounted as the second highest in Malaysia. Although construction and demolition waste is not the highest waste that produced in Malaysia but construction and demolition is consider quite high in Malaysia. Figure 2.4 Types of waste produced in Malaysia 2.3.1 Construction and Demolition waste The construction industry uses a wide of material including lumber or wood, concrete, aggregate, drywall, masonry products, plastic and metal products. In addition, hazardous materials such as paints, solvents, and adhesive are used. Many of these materials eventually become wastes. Typically, up to 10 percent of the materials delivered to a construction site become waste (Magdich, P. 1995). According to Magdich (1995), it is understandable that the most of the material used in construction industries are normally wood, concrete, aggregate, metal and so on. The construction waste defines as most of these materials only uses 90 percent in the construction and the rest of the 10 percent will be end up wastage on site. The demolition waste defines as waste that generate from the demolition work of the buildings or structures. The component of the construction and demolition wastes differ mainly depend on the mature of the project or activities involved. Table 2.1 shows the major components of the Construction and Demolition wastes. Construction waste Demolition waste Dimension lumber Dimension lumber Plywood Plywood Metals Asphalt Concrete / Masonry Concrete / Masonry Fibreglass Drywall Soil and land-clearing waste Appliances Foam insulation Plastics Hazardous waste (solvent / Oils) Carpet Others Others Table 2.1: Major Component of Construction and Demolition wastes (Source from Magdich.P.1995) Construction waste Percent (%) By Volume Dimension lumber 25 Gypsum Wallboard 15 Masonry and Tile 12 Cardboard 10 Manufactured Wood 10 Asphalt 6 Other Wastes 5 Fibreglass 5 Other Packaging 4 Metal 4 Plastic and Foam 4 Total 100The estimated composition of Construction wastes in Malaysia is shown in below Table 2.2 and 2.3. Table 2.2: Estimated Composition of Construction waste in Malaysia (Source from Magdich, P. 1995) Demolition waste Percent (%) By Volume Wood Products 33 Masonry and Tile 13 Concrete 53 Others 1 Total 100 Table 2.3: Estimated Composition of Demolition waste in Malaysia (Source from Magdich, P. 1995) 2.4 The classification of the construction waste In construction industry, the waste can be produced in anytime and anyplace on site or off site. There are great possibility of the material waste may be arise when deliveries to site is inappropriate handling or material on sites have been idling for too long. This means the wastes can be occurred in any moment and in all stages of constructing the projects. Therefore, material should be handling appropriately, mov